The Nomadic Schools in Sakha-Yakutia

Material and technical base

Creation of the material and technical basis of nomadic school begins from designing, building and project construction. The law of the SR(Y) "About nomadic habitation for workers of the North traditional branches of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia)" is a basic directive document for building.

In the North conditions a few complete nomadic school is considered as the mobile form depending on concrete native and climatic zone features and economic activity type. 2 types of school basically prevail: nomadic and permanently nomadic. Hence, following variants of such schools types are developed:

• Permanently nomadic;
• tundra nomadic school-kindergarten;
• taiga nomadic;
• mountain taiga nomadic.

Minister of Education of the SR (Y) announced a competition on project development of nomadic school mobile building.

A few complete primary school-kindergarten of a Nutendly patrimonial nomadic community of Nijnekolymskiy ulus and Dolganskaya a few complete experimental communal primary school-kindergarten on Ulakhan-Kuel production basis of Anabarskiy ulus function in a tundra zone now. A small mobile houses on sledge correspond for these schools (a tractor, the cross-country vehicle, the lorry and a Buran snowmobile execute transportation).

A small mobile houses on sledge and the urta-tents with heating put in correspond for Kueneleken Evenki nomadic school-kindergarten of Olenekskiy ulus comminity №5 in a taiga zone (a deer, a Buran snowmobile and the cross-country vehicle execute transportation).

Evenki communal schools buildings of Ugut and Amma tribal communities of Aldanskiy ulus, the Uradan eveni family communal school of Srednekolymskiy ulus and other taiga zone schools places of production activity satisfy the requirements of stationary nomadic habitation of the production residential basis.

Mobile, both easy and rapidly erecting and dismantling habitation and the urta-tents with heating put in correspond for Eveni nomadic primary school of the State Unitary Enterprise (SUE) Sebyan deer framing herd of Kobjajskiy ulus in a mountain taiga zone (a deer execute transportation).

New Technologies for the Life Standards Improvement in the North
Nikolay A. Nakhodkin

Examples of non-traditional sources of energy: wind, sun and water

Such stove can heat, cook, bake bread and produce electricity

A modern transport in the Arctic should be ecological, economical and comfortable

Typical caterpillar all-terrain and modern pneumaticall-terrain vehicle

Reasons for slow introduction of the new technologies in the Arctic

There is a difficult accessibility to information about innovations
There is no full consistency between advertised qualities and a real utilization
Mentality peculiarities
Means limit - fear to make mistakes
Lack of interest among scientific institutes in industrial goods to adapt them for the northern conditions

A small mosquito problem becomes a serious factor

At the New Technologies Exhibition within the 3rd World Reindeer Herders’ Congress. Yakutsk, March 19-20, 2005

The Project's objective is:

• to familiarize inhabitants of the planet’s northern regions with the last achievements of science, technology, industry, aimed to life standards and life comfort improvement, together with the creation of jobs in the Arctic regions.
• to develop instruments to introduce optimally new technologies into the everyday life of northerners.

Major solvable tasks are as follows:

• Preparation of an overview of new technologies for life standards improvement, applicable in the world's northern regions.
• Organization of a permanent exhibition of the Arctic and the North life standards improving technologies in Yakutsk.
• Organization of an experimental ground in Yakutia for practical tests of new technologies, needed in the northerners' everyday life.
• Once a year in result of conducted tests a catalog comprising best northern products is to be put together and then the information should be spread out to all world's northern regions.
• Carrying out a yearly competition for the best product for life in the North and conferring Diplomas under aegis of Arctic Council. Original northern quality mark.
• Carrying out movable exhibitions of new technologies in the Arctic Council regions.
• Creation of a method for a fast and cheap way of introducing new technologies into everyday life of the Arctic inhabitants.

Expected results:

• Life standards improvement of the Northern people
• Support to adaptation of the indigenous peoples to the market conditions
• Traditional economies profitability increase
• New manufactures creation in remote settlements
• Jobs creation
• Northerners' domestic conditions improvement
• Lowering ecological harm and the Northern nature preservation.